目錄高中數學選填題技巧 體現數學學科素養的四個方面 數學新課標四大核心素養 數學的三大核心素養 2022新課標數學十大核心素養
鏁板?﹀?︾?戝叚澶х礌鍏誨寘鍚?鏁板?︽娊璞°??閫昏緫鎺ㄧ悊銆佹暟瀛﹀緩妯°?佹暟瀛﹁繍綆椼?佺洿瑙傛兂璞°??鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽絳夊叚涓?鏂歸潰銆傛暟瀛﹀?︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏葷殑鍩瑰吇錛岃?侀?氳繃瀛︾?戞暀瀛﹀拰緇煎悎瀹炶返媧誨姩璇劇▼鏉ュ叿浣撳疄鏂姐??
鏁板?︾礌鍏誨睘浜?璁よ瘑鏋ｆ墜璁?鍜屾柟娉曡?虹殑緇煎悎鎬ф?濈淮褰㈠紡錛屽畠鍏鋒湁姒傚康鍖栥?佹娊璞″寲銆佹ā寮忓寲鐨勮?よ瘑鐗瑰緛銆傚叿鏈夋暟瀛︾礌鍏葷殑浜烘竻棣栧杽浜庢妸鍑蟲?ｅ珜鏁板?︿腑鐨勬?傚康緇撹?哄拰澶勭悊鏂規硶鎺ㄥ箍搴旂敤浜庤?よ瘑涓?鍒囧?㈣?備簨鐗╋紝鍏鋒湁榪欐牱鐨勫摬瀛﹂珮搴︺??
瀛︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏繪槸鑲蹭漢浠峰?肩殑闆嗕腑浣撶幇錛屾槸瀛︾敓閫氳繃瀛︾?戝?︿範鑰岄?愭?ュ艦鎴愮殑姝ｇ‘浠峰?艱?傚康銆佸繀澶囧搧鏍煎拰鍏抽敭鑳藉姏錛屾暟瀛﹀?︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏繪槸鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐩?鏍囩殑闆嗕腑浣撶幇錛屾槸鍏鋒湁鏁板?﹀熀鏈?鐗瑰緛鐨勬?濈淮鍝佽川銆佸叧閿?鑳藉姏浠ュ強鎯呮劅銆佹?佸害涓庝環鍊艱?傜殑緇煎悎浣撶幇錛屾槸鍦ㄦ暟瀛﹀?︿範鍜屽簲鐢ㄧ殑榪囩▼涓?閫愭?ュ艦鎴愬拰鍙戝睍鐨勩?傛暟瀛﹀?︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏誨寘鎷?錛氭暟瀛︽娊璞°?侀?昏緫鎺ㄧ悊銆佹暟瀛﹀緩妯°?佺洿瑙傝姽濡傛兂璞°?佹暟瀛﹁繍綆楀拰鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽錛岃繖浜涙暟瀛﹀?︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏繪棦鐩稿?圭嫭绔嬨?佸張鐩鎬簰浜よ瀺錛屾槸涓?鏈夋満鐨勬暣浣撱??
1錛庢暟瀛︽娊璞?
鏁板?︽娊璞℃槸鎸囬?氳繃瀵規暟閲忓叧緋諱笌絀洪棿褰㈠紡鐨勬娊璞★紝寰楀埌鏁板?︾爺絀跺?硅薄鐨勭礌鍏匯?備富瑕佸寘鎷?錛氫粠鏁伴噺涓庢暟閲忓叧緋匯?佸浘褰?涓庡浘褰㈠叧緋諱腑鎶借薄鍑烘暟瀛︽?傚康鍙婃?傚康涔嬮棿鐨勫叧緋伙紝浠庝簨鐗╃殑鍏蜂綋鑳屾櫙涓?鎶借薄鍑轟竴鑸?瑙勫緥鍜岀粨鏋勶紝騫剁敤鏁板?﹁??璦?浜堜互琛ㄥ緛銆?
鏁板?︽娊璞℃槸鏁板?︾殑鍩烘湰鎬濇兂錛屾槸褰㈡垚鐞嗘?ф?濈淮鐨勯噸瑕佸熀紜?錛屽弽鏄犱簡鏁板?︾殑鏈?璐ㄧ壒寰侊紝璐?絀垮湪鏁板?︿駭鐢熴?佸彂灞曘?佸簲鐢ㄧ殑榪囩▼涓?銆傛暟瀛︽娊璞′嬌寰楁暟瀛︽垚涓洪珮搴︽?傛嫭銆佽〃杈懼噯紜?銆佺粨璁轟竴鑸?銆佹湁搴忓?氱駭鐨勭郴緇熴??
鏁板?︽娊璞′富瑕佽〃鐜頒負錛氳幏寰楁暟瀛︽?傚康鍜岃?勫垯錛屾彁鍑烘暟瀛﹀懡棰樺拰妯″瀷錛屽艦鎴愭暟瀛︽柟娉曚笌鎬濇兂錛岃?よ瘑鏁板?︾粨鏋勪笌浣撶郴銆?
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範錛屽?︾敓鑳藉湪鎯呭?冧腑鎶借薄鍑烘暟瀛︽?傚康鍛介?樸?佹柟娉曞拰浣撶郴錛岀Н绱?浠庡叿浣撳埌鎶借薄鐨勬椿鍔ㄧ粡楠?;鍏繪垚鍦ㄦ棩甯哥敓媧誨拰瀹炶返涓?涓?鑸?鎬ф?濊?冮棶棰樼殑涔犳儻錛屾妸鎻′簨鐗╃殑鏈?璐?錛屼互綆?椹?綣侊紱榪愮敤鏁板?︽娊璞＄殑鎬濇．涔辯淮鏂瑰紡鎬濊?冨茍瑙ｅ喅闂?棰樸??
2錛庨?昏緫鎺ㄧ悊
閫昏緫鎺ㄧ悊鏄?鎸囦粠涓?浜涗簨瀹炲拰鍛介?樺嚭鍙戯紝渚濇嵁瑙勫垯鎺ㄥ嚭鍏朵粬鍛介?樼殑绱犲吇銆備富瑕佸寘鎷?涓ょ被錛氫竴綾繪槸浠庣壒孌婂埌涓?鑸?鐨勬帹鐞嗭紝鎺ㄧ悊褰㈠紡涓昏?佹湁褰掔撼銆佺被姣旓紱涓?綾繪槸浠庝竴鑸?鍒扮壒孌婄殑鎺ㄧ悊錛屾帹鐞嗗艦寮忎富瑕佹湁婕旂粠銆?
閫昏緫鎺ㄧ悊鏄?寰楀埌鏁板?︾粨璁恒?佹瀯寤烘暟瀛︿綋緋葷殑閲嶈?佹柟寮忥紝鏄?鏁板?︿弗璋ㄦ?х殑鍩烘湰淇濊瘉錛屾槸浜轟滑鍦ㄦ暟瀛︽椿鍔ㄤ腑榪涜?屼氦嫻佺殑鍩烘湰鎬濈淮鍝佽川銆?
閫昏緫鎺ㄧ悊涓昏?佽〃鐜頒負錛氭帉鎹?鎺ㄧ悊鍩烘湰褰㈠紡鍜岃?勫垯錛屽彂鐜伴棶棰樺拰鎻愬嚭鍛介?橈紝鎺㈢儲鍜岃〃榪拌?鴻瘉榪囩▼錛岀悊瑙ｅ懡姝ら?栨。棰樹綋緋伙紝鏈夐?昏緫鍦拌〃杈句笌浜ゆ祦銆?
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範錛屽?︾敓鑳芥帉鎺橀?昏緫鎺ㄧ悊鐨勫熀鏈?褰㈠紡錛屽?︿細鏈夐?昏緫鍦版?濊?冮棶棰?;鑳藉?熷湪姣旇緝澶嶆潅鐨勬儏澧冧腑鎶婃彙浜嬬墿涔嬮棿鐨勫叧鑱旓紝鎶婃彙浜嬬墿鍙戝睍鐨勮剦緇?;褰㈡垚閲嶈?烘嵁銆佹湁鏉＄悊銆佸悎涔庨?昏緫鐨勬?濈淮鍝佽川鍜岀悊鎬х簿紲烇紝澧炲己浜ゆ祦鑳藉姏銆?
3錛庢暟瀛﹀緩妯?
鏁板?﹀緩妯℃槸瀵圭幇瀹為棶棰樿繘琛屾暟瀛︽娊璞★紝鐢ㄦ暟瀛﹁??璦?琛ㄨ揪闂?棰樸?佺敤鏁板?︽柟娉曟瀯寤烘ā鍨嬭В鍐抽棶棰樼殑绱犲吇銆傛暟瀛﹀緩妯¤繃紼嬩富瑕佸寘鎷?錛氬湪瀹為檯鎯呭?冧腑浠庢暟瀛︾殑瑙嗚?掑彂鐜伴棶棰樸?佹彁鍑洪棶棰橈紝鍒嗘瀽闂?棰樸?佸緩绔嬫ā鍨嬶紝紜?瀹氬弬鏁般?佽?＄畻姹傝В錛屾??楠岀粨鏋溿?佹敼榪涙ā鍨嬶紝鏈?緇堣В鍐沖疄闄呴棶棰樸??
鏁板?︽ā鍨嬫惌寤轟簡鏁板?︿笌澶栭儴涓栫晫鑱旂郴鐨勬ˉ姊侊紝鏄?鏁板?﹀簲鐢ㄧ殑閲嶈?佸艦寮忋?傛暟瀛﹀緩妯℃槸搴旂敤鏁板?﹁В鍐沖疄闄呴棶棰樼殑鍩烘湰鎵嬫?碉紝涔熸槸鎺ㄥ姩鏁板?﹀彂灞曠殑鍔ㄥ姏銆?
鏁板?﹀緩妯′富瑕佽〃鐜頒負錛氬彂鐜板拰鎻愬嚭闂?棰橈紝寤虹珛鍜屾眰瑙ｆā鍨?,媯?楠屽拰瀹屽杽妯″瀷,鍒嗘瀽鍜岃В鍐充綍棰?.
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範錛屽?︾敓鑳芥湁鎰忚瘑鍦扮敤鏁板?﹁??璦?琛ㄨ揪鐜板疄涓栫晫,鍙戠幇鍜屾彁鍑洪棶棰?,鎰熸偀鏁板?︿笌鐜板疄涔嬮棿鐨勫叧鑱?: 瀛︿細鐢ㄦ暟瀛︽ā鍨嬭В鍐沖疄闄呴棶棰?,縐?绱?鏁板?﹀疄璺電殑緇忛獙錛岃?よ瘑鏁板?︽ā鍨嬪湪縐戝?︺?佺ぞ浼氥?佸伐紼嬫妧鏈?璇稿?氶?嗗煙鐨勪綔鐢?錛屾彁鍗囧疄璺佃兘鍔?,澧炲己鍒涙柊鎰忚瘑鍜岀?戝?︾簿紲炪??
4.鐩磋?傛兂璞?
鐩磋?傛兂璞℃槸鎸囧?熷姪鍑犱綍鐩磋?傚拰絀洪椈鎯寵薄鎰熺煡浜嬬墿鐨勫艦鎬佷笌鍙樺寲錛屽埄鐢ㄧ┖闂村艦寮忕壒鍒?鏄?鍥懼艦,鐞嗚В鍜岃В鍐蟲暟瀛﹂棶棰樼殑绱犲吇銆備富瑕佸寘鎷?:鍊熷姪絀洪棿褰㈠紡璁よ瘑浜嬬墿鐨勪綅緗?鍏崇郴銆佸艦鎬佸彉鍖栦笌榪愬姩瑙勫緥; 鍒╃敤鍥懼艦鎻忚堪銆佸垎鏋愭暟瀛﹂棶棰橈紱寤虹珛褰?涓庢暟鐨勮仈緋伙紝鏋勫緩鏁板?﹂棶棰樼殑鐩磋?傛ā鍨嬶紝鎺㈢儲瑙ｅ喅闂?棰樼殑鎬濊礬銆?
鐩磋?傛兂璞℃槸鍙戠幇鍜屾彁鍑洪棶棰樸?佸垎鏋愬拰瑙ｅ喅闂?棰樼殑閲嶈?佹墜孌碉紝鏄?鎺㈢儲鍜屽艦鎴愯?鴻瘉鎬濊礬銆佽繘琛屾暟瀛︽帹鐞嗐?佹瀯寤烘娊璞＄粨鏋勭殑鎬濈淮鍩虹??銆?
鐩磋?傛兂璞′富瑕佽〃鐜頒負錛氬緩绔嬪艦涓庢暟鐨勮仈緋伙紝鍒╃敤鍑犱綍鍥懼艦鎻忚堪闂?棰橈紝鎯滃姪鍑犱綍鐩磋?傜悊瑙ｉ棶棰橈紝榪愮敤絀洪棿鎯寵薄璁よ瘑浜嬬墿銆?
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範錛屽?︾敓鑳芥彁鍗囨暟褰㈢粨鍚堢殑鑳藉姏錛屽彂灞曞嚑浣曠洿瑙傚拰絀洪棿鎯寵薄鑳藉姏;澧炲己榪愮敤鍑犱綍鐩磋?傚拰絀洪棿鎯寵薄鎬濊?冮棶棰樼殑鎰忚瘑錛涘艦鎴愭暟瀛︾洿瑙?,鍦ㄥ叾浣撶殑鎯呭?冧腑鎰熸偀浜嬬墿鐨勬湰璐ㄣ??
5錛庢暟瀛﹁繍綆?
鏁板?﹁繍綆楁槸鎸囧湪鏄庢櫚榪愮畻瀵硅薄鐨勫熀紜?涓婏紝渚濇嵁榪愮畻娉曞垯瑙ｅ喅鏁板?﹂棶棰樼殑绱犲吇銆備富瑕佸寘鎷?: 鐞嗚В榪愮畻瀵硅薄錛屾帉鎻¤繍綆呮硶鍒?,鎺㈢┒榪愮畻鎬濊礬,閫夋嫨榪愮畻鏂規硶,璁捐?¤繍綆楃▼搴?,姹傚緱榪愮畻緇撴灉絳夈??
鏁板?﹁繍綆楁槸瑙ｅ喅鏁板?﹂棶棰樼殑鍩烘湰鎵嬫?點?傛暟瀛﹁繍綆楁槸婕旂粠鎺ㄧ悊,鏄?璁＄畻鏈鴻В鍐抽棶棰樼殑鍩虹??銆?
鏁板?﹁繍綆椾富瑕佽〃鐜頒負錛氱悊瑙ｈ繍綆楀?硅薄,鎺屾彙榪愮畻娉曞垯.鎺㈢┒榪愮畻鎬濊礬錛屾眰寰楄繍綆楃粨鏋溿??
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範錛屽?︾敓鑳借繘涓?姝ュ彂灞曟暟瀛﹁繍綆楄兘鍔涳紱鏈夋晥鍊熷姪榪愮畻鏂規硶瑙ｅ喅瀹為檯闂?棰?; 閫氳繃榪愮畻淇冭繘鏁板?︽?濈淮鍙戝睍,褰㈡垚瑙勮寖鍖栨?濊?冮棶棰樼殑鍝佽川錛屽吇鎴愪竴涓濅笉鑻熴?佷弗璋ㄦ眰瀹炵殑縐戝?︾簿紲?.
6錛庢暟鎹?鍒嗘瀽
鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽鏄?鎸囬拡瀵圭爺絀跺?硅薄鑾峰彇鏁版嵁,榪愮敤鏁板?︽柟娉曞?規暟鎹?榪涜?屾暣鐞嗐?佸垎鏋愬拰鎺ㄦ柇,褰㈡垚鍏充簬鐮旂┒瀵硅薄鐭ヨ瘑鐨勭礌鍏匯?傛暟鎹?鍒嗘瀽榪囩▼涓昏?佸寘鎷?: 鏀墮泦鏁版嵁錛屾暣鐞嗘暟鎹?,鎻愬彇淇″唇錛屾瀯寤烘ā鍨?,榪涜?屾帹鏂?,鑾峰緱緇撹?恒??
鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽鏄?鐮旂┒闅忔満鐜拌薄鐨勯噸瑕佹暟瀛︽妧鏈?錛屾槸澶ф暟鎹?鏃朵唬鏁板?﹀簲鐢ㄧ殑涓昏?佹柟娉?,涔熸槸鈥滀簰鑱旂綉+" 鐩稿叧棰嗗煙鐨勪富瑕佹暟瀛︽柟娉曪紝鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽宸茬粡娣卞叆鍒扮?戝?︺?佹妧鏈?銆佸伐紼嬪拰鐜頒唬紺句細鐢熸椿鐨勫悇涓?鏂歸潰銆?
鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽涓昏?佽〃鐜頒負:鏀墮泦鍜屾暣鐞嗘暟鎹?,鐞嗚В鍜屽?勭悊鏁版嵁錛岃幏寰楀拰瑙ｉ噴緇撹?猴紝姒傛嫭鍜屽艦鎴愮煡璇嗐??
閫氳繃楂樹腑鏁板?﹁?劇▼鐨勫?︿範,瀛︾敓鑳芥彁鍗囪幏鍙栨湁浠峰?間俊鎭?騫惰繘琛屽畾閲忓垎鏋愮殑鎰忚瘑鍜岃兘鍔?; 閫傚簲鏁板瓧鍖栧?︿範鐨勯渶瑕?,澧炲己鍩轟簬鏁版嵁琛ㄨ揪鐜板疄闂?棰樼殑鎰忚瘑銆傚艦鎴愰?氳繃鏁版嵁璁よ瘑浜嬬墿鐨勬?濈淮鍝佽川; 縐?绱?渚濇墭鏁版嵁鎺㈢儲浜嬬墿鏈?璐ㄣ?佸叧鑱斿拰瑙勫緥鐨勬椿鍔ㄧ粡楠?.
鏁板?﹀?︾?戞牳蹇冪礌鍏伙細鏁板?︽娊璞°?侀?昏緫鎺ㄧ悊銆?鏁板?﹀緩閾呴珮鍗囨ā銆佺洿瑙傛兂璞°?佹暟瀛﹁繍綆椼??鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽銆?
鏁板?︾礌鍏誨氨鏄?鎸囧?︾敓鍦ㄥ?︿範浜嗕竴瀹氱殑鐭ヨ瘑銆佹帉鎻′簡鍏呭垎鐨勬柟娉曞拰瑙ｅ喅闂?棰樼殑鑳藉姏錛屽茍涓旇兘澶熷姞浠ョ啛緇冪殑榪愮敤錛屽湪瀹為檯鐢熸椿涓?濡傛灉閬囧埌浜嗛渶瑕佽В鍐崇殑闂?棰橈紝瀛︾敓鑳藉?熶互鏁板?︾殑瑙掑害鏉ユ?濊?冭漿鍖栭棶棰橈紝鐒跺悗閫氳繃鏁板?︽柟娉曞垎鏋愯В鍐抽棶棰橈紝鍩瑰吇榪欑?嶇Н鏋佸?勭悊闂?棰樼殑涔犳儻鍜屽搧璐ㄣ??
鏁板?︾礌鍏葷殑瀹氫綅濮嬬粓鐢辨暟瀛﹀湪鎴愪漢紺句細涓?鐨勮〃鐜版墍鍐沖畾錛屽寘鎷?鎴戝浗鏁板?︾礌鍏諱腑鈥滃康鐏墮?傚簲涓?浜虹粓韜?鍙戝睍鈥濈殑鎻愭硶錛屾?愯?佸叾鍞?涓?鐨勬寚鍚戞槸鍏?姘戯紝鏄?鎴愪漢銆?
鎵?浠ワ紝瀛︾敓鍙戝睍鐨勬暟瀛︽牳蹇冪礌鍏伙紝涓嶆槸鍦ㄥ綋騫村?︾敓瀛︿笟鑰冭瘯鎴愮嘩涓?鍙嶆槧錛岃?屾槸鍦ㄤ粬浠?鏈?鏉ョ殑鎴愪漢鐢熸椿鍜岃亴涓氫腑浣撶幇.涓轟簡瀛︾敓鐨?鍙?鎸佺畫鍙戝睍錛屼嬌鍏墮?傚簲鐬?鎭?涓囧彉鐨勬湭鏉ョ敓媧伙紝闇?瑕佹彁鍗囧?︾敓鐨勬牳蹇冪礌鍏匯??
楂樹腑鏁板?﹀叚澶ф牳蹇冪礌鍏誨?備笅錛?
1銆佹暟瀛﹁繍綆椼??
銆愭暟瀛﹁繍綆椼?戞槸鎸囧湪鏄庢櫚榪愮畻瀵硅薄鐨勫熀紜?涓婏紝渚濇嵁榪愮畻娉曞垯瑙ｅ喅鏁板?﹂棶棰樼殑榪囩▼銆?
涓昏?佸寘鎷?錛氱悊瑙ｈ繍綆楀?硅薄錛屾帉鎻¤繍綆楁硶鍒欙紝鎺㈢┒榪愮畻鏂瑰悜錛岄?夋嫨榪愮畻鏂規硶錛岃?捐?¤繍綆楃▼搴忥紝姹傚緱榪愮畻緇撴灉絳夈?傛暟瀛﹁繍綆楁槸鏁板?︽椿鐬庤牏閫楀姩鐨勫熀鏈?褰㈠紡錛屾槸婕旂粠鎺ㄧ悊鐨勪竴縐嶅艦寮忥紝鏄?寰楀埌鏁板?︾粨鏋滅殑閲嶈?佹墜孌點??
2銆侀?昏緫鎺ㄧ悊銆?
閫昏緫鎺ㄧ悊鏄?鎸囦粠涓?浜涗簨瀹炲拰鍛介?樺嚭鍙戯紝渚濇嵁閫昏緫瑙勫垯鎺ㄥ嚭涓?涓?鍛介?樼殑鎬濈淮榪囩▼錛屼富瑕佹湁涓ょ被錛氫竴綾繪槸浠庣壒孌婂埌涓?鑸?鐨勬帹鐞嗭紝鎺ㄧ悊褰㈠紡涓昏?佹湁褰掔撼銆佺被姣旓紱涓?綾繪槸浠庝竴鑸?鍒扮壒孌婄殑鎺ㄧ悊錛岀（鍗栨帹鐞嗗艦妗ｇ爜寮忎富瑕佹湁婕旂粠銆?
3銆佺洿瑙傛兂璞°??
鐩磋?傛兂璞℃槸鎸囧?熷姪鍑犱綍鐩磋?傚拰絀洪棿鎯寵薄鎰熺煡浜嬬墿鐨勫艦鎬佷笌鍙樺寲錛屽埄鐢ㄥ浘褰㈢悊瑙ｃ?佽В鍐蟲暟瀛﹂棶棰樼殑榪囩▼銆傚寘鎷?鍊熷姪絀洪棿璁よ瘑浜嬬墿鐨勪綅緗?鍏崇郴銆佸艦鎬佸彉鍖栥?佽繍鍔ㄨ?勫緥銆?
4銆佹暟瀛﹀緩妯°??
鏁板?﹀緩妯℃槸瀵圭幇瀹為棶棰樿繘琛屾暟瀛︽娊璞★紝鐢ㄦ暟瀛﹁??璦?琛ㄨ揪闂?棰樸?佺敤鏁板?︾煡璇嗕笌鏂規硶鏋勫緩妯″瀷瑙ｅ喅闂?棰樼殑榪囩▼銆備富瑕佸寘鎷?錛氬湪瀹為檯鎯呭?冧腑浠庢暟瀛︾殑瑙嗚?掑彂鐜伴棶棰樸?佹彁鍑洪棶棰橈紝鍒嗘瀽闂?棰樸?佹瀯寤烘ā鍨嬶紝姹傝В緇撹?猴紝楠岃瘉緇撴灉騫舵敼榪涙ā鍨嬶紝鏈?緇堣В鍐沖疄闄呴棶棰樸??
5銆佹暟鎹?鍒嗘瀽銆?
鏁版嵁鍒嗘瀽鏄?鎸囬拡瀵圭爺絀跺?硅薄鑾峰緱鐩稿叧鏁版嵁錛岃繍鐢ㄧ粺璁℃柟娉曞?規暟鎹?涓?鐨勬湁鐢ㄤ俊鎭?榪涜?屽垎鏋愬拰鎺ㄦ柇錛屽艦鎴愮煡璇嗙殑榪囩▼銆備富瑕佸寘鎷?錛氭敹闆嗘暟鎹?錛屾暣鐞嗘暟鎹?錛屾彁鍙栦俊鎭?錛屾瀯寤烘ā鍨嬪?逛俊鎭?榪涜?屽垎鏋愩?佹帹鏂?錛岃幏寰楃粨璁恒??
6銆佹暟瀛︽娊璞°??
鏁板?︽娊璞℃槸鎸囪垗鍘諱簨鐗╃殑涓?鍒囩墿鐞嗗睘鎬э紝寰楀埌鏁板?︾爺絀跺?硅薄鐨勬?濈淮榪囩▼銆備富瑕佹湁浠庢暟閲忎笌鏁伴噺鍏崇郴銆佸浘褰?涓庡浘褰㈠叧緋諱腑鎶借薄鍑烘暟瀛︽?傚康鍙婃?傚康涔嬮棿鐨勫叧緋伙紝浠庝簨鐗╃殑鍏蜂綋鑳屾櫙涓?鎶借薄鍑轟竴鑸?瑙勫緥鍜岀粨鏋勶紝騫朵笖鐢ㄦ暟瀛︾?﹀彿鎴栬?呮暟瀛︽湳璇?浜堜互琛ㄥ緛銆?
瀛︾?戝熀鏈?绱犲吇鏄?瀛︾敓鎴栧?﹁?呭湪鏈?瀛︾?戝唴鎵?鍏峰?囩殑鍩烘湰涓撲笟绱犺川錛岃繖浜涚礌璐ㄦ槸閫氳繃闀挎椂闂寸殑涓撲笟璁?緇冩墍褰㈡垚鐨勪笓涓氭?濈淮錛岄?氳繃榪欑?嶆?濈淮淇冩垚鍩虹??鐭ヨ瘑鐨勭Н绱?錛屽?炴檶鑰佸姞鍩烘湰涓撲笟鎶?鑳斤紝褰㈡垚涓撲笟鍩烘湰緇忛獙錛屼粠鑰岃揪鍒版煇闂ㄥ叿浣撳?︾?戞墍瑕佸墠榪涚殑鍩烘湰鐩?鏍囥?傚寘鎷?瀛︾?戝熀紜?鐭ヨ瘑銆佸熀鏈?鎶?鑳姐?佸熀鏈?緇忛獙銆佸熀鏈?鍝佽川銆佸熀鏈?鎬佸害絳夊嚑涓?鏂歸潰銆?
涓?銆侀伒綰?瀹堟硶
1銆? 閬靛畧鍥藉?舵硶寰嬶紝閬靛畧瀛︽牎鍚勯」瑙勭珷鍒跺害錛屽茍鑳藉埗姝㈣繚鍙嶇邯寰嬬殑琛屼負銆侫 2銆? 閬靛畧銆婁腑瀛︾敓鏃ュ父琛屼負瑙勮寖銆嬪拰銆婁腑瀛︾敓瀹堝垯銆嬶紝鑷?瑙夌淮鎶ょ邯寰嬨?侭 3銆? 閬靛畧瀛︽牎銆佺彮綰у悇欏硅?勭珷錛岃兘杈冨ソ姝ｇ‘澶勭悊綰?寰嬩笌鑷?鐢辯殑鍏崇郴銆侰 4銆? 鑳藉熀鏈?閬靛畧鏍＄邯鏍¤?勶紝鏈夋椂鏈夊?村熀鍗囪繚鍙嶇邯寰嬬殑琛屼負銆侱 5銆佺邯寰嬭?傚康娣℃紶錛屾湁涓嶈壇鍡滃ソ錛屼鏡瀹充粬浜哄埄鐩婄殑琛屼負銆?
浜屻?佸叧蹇冮泦浣?
1銆? 涓誨姩鍙傚姞闆嗕綋媧誨姩錛岀Н鏋佺淮鎶ょ彮綰ц崳瑾夛紝鑳藉?熶負瀹炵幇闆嗕綋鐩?鏍囦粯鍑烘渶澶х殑鍔?鍔涖?侫 2銆? 鍠滄?㈠弬涓庨泦浣撴椿鍔?錛屼負瀹炵幇鐩?鏍囦粯鍑哄姫鍔涖?侭 3銆? 鎰挎剰鍙備笌媧誨姩錛屼負鐩?鏍囧敖蹇冨敖鍔涖?侰 4銆? 鑳藉?熷弬涓庢椿鍔?錛屾湇浠庡皬緇勫垎宸ュ畨鎺掋?侱 5銆? 寰堝皯鍙傚姞闆嗕綋媧誨姩錛屽洟闃熺簿紲炲樊銆?
涓夈?佽瘹瀹炲畧淇?
1銆佸緟浜鴻瘹瀹烇紝涓嶈?磋皫璇濄?佸ぇ璇濄?佺┖璇濓紝涓嶅紕铏氫綔鍋囥?侫 2銆佽█鑰屾湁淇★紝涓?鑸?璁歌?哄埆浜虹殑浜嬫儏浼氬敖鍔涘幓鍋氥?侭 3銆佷竴鑸?鑳借?村埌鍋氬埌錛屼絾鏈夋椂浼氳?磋皫錛屼細鑰嶅皬鍔ㄤ綔銆侰 4銆佹湁緇忓父鎬х殑璇磋皫琛屼負錛屼綔涓氱粡甯告妱琚?錛岃?冭瘯緇忓父浣滃紛銆侱 5銆? 璦?鑰屾棤淇★紝寮勮櫄浣滃亣錛屽彛鏄?蹇冮潪錛屽綋闈?涓?濂楋紝鑳屽悗涓?濂椼??
鍥涖?佽?屼負涔犳儻
1銆? 鍏鋒湁鑹?濂界殑鐢熸椿銆佸崼鐢熺瓑涔犳儻錛屽?氭?¤??璇勪負鈥滆?屼負瑙勮寖瀛︿範鏍囧叺鈥濓紱A 2銆佽?屼負涔犳儻鑹?濂斤紝鑳介伒瀹堛?婁腑瀛︾敓琛屼負瑙勮寖銆嬶紱B 3銆佸熀鏈?閬靛畧銆婁腑瀛︾敓琛屼負瑙勮寖銆嬶紝鏈夋椂鏈変笉鑹?鐨勮?屼負錛汣 4銆佺敓媧匯?佸崼鐢熺瓑琛屼負涔犳儻涓?鑸?錛屾湁璇磋剰璇濓紝涔變涪涔辨墧鐨勭幇璞★紱D 5銆佺敓媧匯?佸崼鐢熺瓑琛屼負涔犳儻宸?錛岃?磋瘽涓嶆枃鏄庯紝鏈変弗閲嶄笉鑹?琛屼負錛屽?傛墦鏋躲?佽祵鍗氥?佸伔紿冪瓑錛?
浜斻?佸?︿細璐熻矗
1銆? 瀵硅嚜閿嬫潕宸辨墍鍋氱殑浜嬭兘楂樺害璐熻矗錛岃?佹眰鑷?宸辯殑浜嬭嚜宸卞仛錛屼細鑷?鎴戞壒璇勶紱A 2銆佽嚜宸卞簲璇ュ仛鐨勪簨鎯呰兘璁ょ湡鍘誨畬鎴愶紝騫跺?硅嚜宸辯殑琛屼負璐熻矗錛汢 3銆佽兘杈冨ソ鍦板畬鎴愬垎閰嶇粰鑷?宸辯殑浠誨姟錛屾湁鏃朵細蹇借?嗗悗鏋滐紱C 4銆佽兘瀹屾垚瀛︽牎鎴栫彮綰у垎閰嶇殑浠誨姟錛岃嚜鍒惰兘鍔涗笉澶燂紱D 5銆佸?硅嚜宸變笉璐熻矗浠伙紝鑷?涓昏兘鍔涘緢宸?錛?
鍏?銆佺儹蹇冨叕鐩?
1銆? 縐?鏋佸弬鍔犲?︽牎鎴栫彮綰х粍緇囩殑紺句細鍏?鐩婂拰紺懼尯鏈嶅姟媧誨姩錛岀粡甯稿?﹂浄閿嬪仛濂戒簨錛屽茍鍙楀埌瀛︽牎鎴栧叾浠栫粍緇囩殑琛ㄦ壃錛汚 2銆佺儹蹇冨叕鐩婃?ф椿鍔?錛屾椿鍔ㄦ晥鏋滄湁寰呮彁楂橈紱B 3銆佽兘鍙傚姞瀛︽牎鍜岀彮綰х粍緇囩殑鍏?鐩婃?ф椿鍔?錛屼絾緇勭粐鎬т笉澶熷己錛汣 4銆佽兘鍦ㄨ?佸笀鐨勭粍緇囦笅鍙備笌涓?閮ㄥ垎紺句細鍏?鐩婂拰紺懼尯鏈嶅姟媧誨姩錛汥 5銆佷笉鎰垮弬鍔犵彮綰с?佺ぞ浼氬叕鐩婃垨紺懼尯鏈嶅姟絳夋椿鍔?錛?
