目錄英語中介詞后面可以加動詞嗎 英語介詞相當于語文的什么詞 英語詞的種類 英語里的介詞的概念 英語中介詞的意義是什么
英語介詞簡介
表示時間的介詞
表示場所和方向陵氏的介詞纖汪碰
其他介詞
表示時間的介詞
表示"時間"的介詞如下:
表示年,月,日時刻等用at,in,on
表示時間的前后用before,after
表示期限等用by,untill,till
表示期間等用for,during,through
表示時間的起點等用from,since
表示時間的經過等用in,within
表示年,月,日時刻等用at,in,on
at 用于表示時刻,時間的某一點
at noon
at night
at present
at 8 o'clock
We usually have lunch at 12.
on 用于某天,某天毀談的上,下午(指具體某一天時,一律用on) 返回
on Monday
on Tuesday morning
on June 12th
on a cold night
on the night of May 1st
We didn't listen to the lecture on Friday afternoon.
in 用于表示周,月,季節,年,泛指的上午,下午,晚上
in the week
in May
in spring
in 1992
in the morning
in the afternoon 返回
in the night
People go skating in winter.
表示時間的前后用before,after
before 在...之前
Wash your hands before dinner.
He will call me before he leaves here.
after 在...之后
Let's sing some songs after school.
Please close the door after you leave the room.
表示期限等用by,untill,till
by 在...之前;截至...
How many English books had you read by the end of last year.
untill(till) 直到...為止 (untill 與 till 可通用)
We didn't begin to watch TV untill (till) nine o'clock.
I'll wait for him untill he comes here.
表示期間等用for,during,through
for 達...之久 返回
He has lived here for 20 years.
We will stay in the city for two days.
during 在...期間
They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.
through 一直...(從開始到結束)
They played the cards through the night.
表示時間的起點等用from,since
from 從...起(時間)
The meeting will be held from eight to ten.
The meeting will be held at eight
since 自從...以來(表示從以前某時一直到現在仍在繼續)
I have been sick since yesterday.
The doctor has saved a lot of lives since he became a doctor.
表示時間的經過等用in,within 返回
in 在...后(未來時間)
in an hour
in a week or so
He will be back in five hours.
They said they would arrive here in a week.
within 不超過...的范圍
within 3 hours
I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.
They worked hard. They finished the work within 2 days at last.
表示場所,方向的介詞
表示場所的介詞: at,in,on,under,by,near,between.
表示方向的介詞: into,out of,along,acros,through,to,from.
at,in
at 在某地點(表示比較狹窄的場所) 返回
at school
at home
at No.2 Baker Street
at a factory
I'll meet him at the Beijing railway station.
in 在某地(表示比較寬敞的場所)
in Beijing
in China
in the world
in the street
She was born in China.
on,under,over,above,below
on a.在...上面,有接觸面
on the desk
There are two maps on the wall.
b.在...靠近...的地方
on the right
on the river
above 在...上方
Our plane flew above the clouds.
over 在...正上方,是under的反義詞 返回
There is light over Li Ming.
A few birds were flying over the sea.
under 在...下面;在...之內
under the table
under the jacket
The dog is under the table.
below 在...下方(不一定是正下方)
There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.
near,by
near 近的,不遠的
near = not far
Is there a bus stop near here
by 在...旁邊,距離比near要近
by the window
by me
The boy is standing by the window.
between,among,around 返回
between 在兩者之間
My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.
What's the difference between A and B
among 在三者或更多的之中
There is a beautiful house among the trees.
He is very popular among the students.
around 環繞,在...周圍,在...四周
We sat around the table.
They walked around the street.
in front of,behind
in front of 在...的前面;在...的前部
The is a tree in front of the house.
There is a big desk for the teacher in front of the classroom.
behind 在...后面 是 in front of的反義詞 返回
There is a tree behind the house.
in,into,out of
in 在...之內,用于表示靜止的位置
The students are in the classroom.
into 進入
The students run into the classroom.
He jumped into the water.
out of 和into一樣,也表示有一定的運動方向
The students rushed out of the room.
along,across,through
along 沿著
I was walking along the river when it began to rain.
across 橫過 返回
I often swim across the river
through 貫穿,通過
The river was through the city.
to,for,from
to 到達...地點(目的地)或方向
He came to Japan in 1980.
Tom has gone to school.
for 表示目的地,"向..."
I'll leave for America next week.
leave for 動身去...
start for 出發去...
from 從...地點起...
It's about ten minutes' walk from here to the cinema.
How far is it from our school to the hospital
其他介詞
表示手段和材料的介詞用with,in,by
with a. 和...在一起
Will you please go with me
b. 具有,帶有
He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.
c. 用某或方法 返回
Li Li cut her hand with a knife.
I see with my eyes.
He wrote the letter with a new pen.
in 表示用什么材料(例如用墨水,鉛筆)等,或用什么語言,或者表示衣著,聲調特點時,不用with,而用in
She wrote a letter in black ink.
Don't write it in pencil but in ink.
by 通過...方法,手段
He goes to school by bicycle.
of, from
of (屬于)...的;表示...的數量或者種類
This is a map of China.
Will you please give me a cup of tea
from 來自(某地,某人);以...起始(時間或地點) 返回
I'm from Nanjing.
I have got a letter from my friend.
without,like,as
without 沒有,是with的反義詞
Men can't live without air and water.
I can't read the book without using a dictionary.
Please give me a cup of coffee without milk.
Please give me a cup of coffer with milk.
like 象...一樣
Nancy is just like her mother.
as 作為
He is famous as a scientist here.
against,about 返回
against 反對;靠著
He is against the plan.
The teacher is standing against the blackboard.
about a. 關于;各處;身旁
Tell me something about your life.
He looked about himself.
I have no money about(= with) me.
b. 詢問某人某物的情況或提出建議
What about your sister
How about going to the park
分類:教育/科學 >> 外語學習
解析:
介詞(preposition):也叫前置詞。在英語里,它的搭配能力最強。但不能單獨做句子成分需和名詞或代詞(或相當于名詞的其他詞類、短語及從句)構成介詞短語,才能在句中充當成分。
介詞的種類:
(1)簡單介詞:about, across, after, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with等等。
(2)合成介詞:inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within
(3)短語介詞:according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to
(4)分詞介詞:considering, reguarding, including, concerning
介詞短語:
構成 例句
介詞+名詞 We go to school from Monday to Saturday.
介詞+代詞 Could you look for it instead of me?
介詞+動名詞 He insisted on staying home.
介詞+連接代/副詞 I was thinking of how we could get there.
介詞+不定式/從句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.
介詞的用法:
一、介詞to的常見用法
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to
adjust to適應,
attend to處理;照料,
agree to贊同,
amount to加起來達…,
belong to屬于,
e to達到,
drink to為…干杯,
get to到達,
happen to發生在某人身上,
hold to緊握,
lead to通雀明孝向,
listen to聽,
occur to想起,
object to反對,
point to指向,
respond to回答,
refer to參考;指頃稿的是…;涉及,
reply to回答,
see to負責,
stick to堅持,
turn to求助,
write to給某人寫信。
b)動詞(+sth.)+to+ *** .
announce to通知某槐數人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達, mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議,speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。
c)動詞+sth./ *** .+ to +sth./ *** .
add to增加, pare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力于,introduce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委托給,reduce to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to
be alive to覺察;曉得,
be attentive to注意;留心,
be awake to知曉,
be blind to缺乏眼光,
be close to緊挨著,
be mon to對某人來說很普通,
be contrary to違反;反對,
be devoted to致力,
be deaf to不愿意聽,
be equal to有…的力量,
be exposed to暴露;遭受,
be fair to對…公平,
be familiar to對某人來說熟悉,
be grateful to對某人心存感激,
be good to對…有好處,
be harmful to對…有危害,
be important to對…重要,
be kind to友好對待,
be known to周知于,
be married to嫁給,
be moved to轉移到,
be near to靠近,
be necessary to對…有必要,
be opposite to在對面,
be opposed to反對,
be pleasant to合某人之意,
be proper to專屬,
be polite to禮貌待人,
be rude to粗暴對待,
be relative to與…有關,
be strange to不習慣,
be similar to類似,
be suitable to適合,
be true to忠實,
be thankful to感激,
be useful to對…有用,
be used to習慣。
3.to+名詞構成的詞組
to a degree在某種程度上, to date到現在為止,to one’s feet跳起來,to one’s mind照…看來, to one’s surprise使…吃驚,to one’s taste符合胃口, to oneself獨自享用, to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
二、at的常見用法 at構成的詞組比較多,要細心區分。
1.動詞+ at
arrive at抵達,call at訪問某地, catch at(it)當場抓住, e at攻擊, fire at向…開火,glance at瞟一眼, glare at怒目而視, grieve at憂傷,knock at敲,laugh at嘲笑, look at看一眼, pull at拉扯, rejoice at對…高興, *** ile at向某人微笑, shoot at朝…射擊, stare at怒目而視,thrust at刺向, tear at撕, tremble at顫抖,wonder at吃驚,work at工作。
2. be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at
be angry at惱怒于, be alarmed at對…保持警覺,be astonished at對…吃驚, be bad at不擅長, be clever at對某事很靈巧,be delighted at高興,be disgusted at厭惡, be disappointed at對…失望,be good at擅長, be impatient at對…不夠耐心, be mad at狂熱于,be pleased at對…感到高興, be present at出席, be satisfied at滿意,be surprised at吃驚, be shocked at對…非常震驚,be terrified at受到…的恐嚇,be quick at對…很機敏。
3.at+名詞構成的詞組
at a distance在一定距離,at a loss不知所措, at a time一次,at all一點也不,at any cost不惜一切代價,at best最好也只是,at first起初,at hand手頭,at heart在內心里,at home在家;無拘束,at last最后,at least至少,at most最多,at once馬上,at present目前。
三、介詞on的常見用法
on的用法比較重要,本文介紹它的一些常見用法:
1.動詞+on
a)動詞+ on要認真區分下面一些詞組
act on對…有作用, bring on促使;導致, call on拜訪某人,count on依賴, carry on執行,depend on取決, feed on以…為生,figure on料想;推斷, go on繼續,have on穿著, insist on堅持,keep on繼續, lean on依賴, live on以…為生, pull on迅速穿上,put on穿上, switch on接通(電源), take to喜歡;養成;輕易學會,turn on接通(電源), work on操作, wait on侍候。
b)動詞+ *** .(sth.)+ on + *** .(sth.)
base on以…為基礎, congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on憐憫,have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。
2.be+形容詞+on的詞組
be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻,be impressed on對…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對…嚴格。
3.on+名詞構成的詞組
on board乘(車,飛機),on call聽候召喚, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行,on guard在崗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假
四、介詞in的常見用法
1.動詞+in
a)動詞+ in
believe in信任, break in碎成,bring in引起;產生;帶來, call in下令收回, fill in填充,get in收獲, hand in上繳, involve in涉及, lie in在于, result in導致, share in共享,succeed in成功, take in卷起;訂閱, turn in歸還當局。
b)動詞+ *** ./time/money+ in
help *** . in幫助某人做某事, spare time/money in勻出時間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時間或錢做某事,waste time/money in浪費時間或錢做某事。
2. be +形容詞+ in
be active in活躍于,be absorbed in專心致志, be busy in忙碌, be born in出生于,be concerned in牽涉, be clothed in穿著, be disappointed in對…失望,be diligent in勤于, be experienced in在…有經驗, be employed in任職于,be engaged in忙碌, be expert in某方面的專家, be excellent in在…優秀,be interested in對…有興趣, be lacking in缺乏, be rich in富有,be slow in遲緩, be successful in在某方面成功, be skilled in精于,be strict in嚴于, be weak in弱于。
3. in +名詞
in advance提前,in all總共,in balance總而言之,in bed臥床,in body親自,in brief簡明扼要,in case萬一, in charge主管,in danger有危險, in debt負債, in despair失望,in force大量地;有效,in full全部地, in flower開花,in general一般說來,in itself本身, in love戀愛, in order井然有序, in person親自,in public公開地, in progress有進展, in practice從實踐上看, in rags穿著破衣,in research探索, in return作為報答,in ruins一片廢墟,in short總之,in theory從理論上看, in trouble有麻煩, in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時, in turn按順序, in vain白白地,in view看得見。
五、介詞from的常見用法
from的用法可不能小瞧,你不一定知道下面這些詞組意義。
1.動詞+from
a)動詞+ from
e from來自,date from追溯, depart from違背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自…跌落, hang from垂掛, hear from收到來信,learn from向某人學習, return from自某地返回,rise from自…冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。
b)動詞+ sth./ *** . +from + sth./ *** . /a place
borrow from向…借, choose from選自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不準做, protect from不受…之害, receive from收到,remove from移動;除去, save from保全;拯救, separate from分離開來,stop from阻止。
2. be +形容詞+ from
be absent from缺席,be different from與眾不同, be far from更不用說, be hidden from躲避,be made from用…制成, be tired from因…而疲倦。
3.from…to…
from bad to worse每況愈下,from beginning to end自始至終,from cover to cover從頭到尾,from China to Peru到處,from day to day一天一天地,from door to door挨家挨戶,from end to end從頭至尾,from first to last自始至終,from hand to mouth勉強糊家,from head to foot從頭到腳,from mouth to mouth廣泛流傳,from sun to sun從日出到日落,from start to finish從頭開始,from top to toe從頭到腳,from time to time不時地,from top to bottom徹底地。
六、介詞for的常見用法
1.動詞+for
a)動詞+for
account for解釋;說明, answer for對…負責,apply for申請;請求,apologize for為…而道歉, beg for請求, call for要求,care for在意, enter for報名參加, fight for為…而戰, hope for希望,inquire for查詢;求見, leave for離開某地到另一地, look for尋找, long for盼望,mistake for誤認為, plan for計劃做某事, prepare for為…作準備,provide for為…提供, reach for伸手去拿, run for競選, stand for象征,search for搜尋, send for派人去請, speak for陳述意見、愿望, take for當作, wish for希望, wait for等待。
b)動詞+ *** .+ for +sth.
ask for要求得到,blame for因…責備, excuse for寬恕, five for諒解, pardon for原諒,pay for花錢買, praise for稱贊, punish for對…進行懲罰,push for催逼,reward for酬謝, thank for對…表示謝意。
2. be +形容詞+for
be anxious for急于做, be eager for渴望, be bad for有害于,be convenient for便于, be good for利于, be famous for以…出名,be fit for適合于, be grateful for對…心存感激, be impatient for對…不耐煩,be late for遲到, be necessary for有必要, be ready for作好準備,be sorry for為…而后悔, be responsible for對…負責,be suitable for適合于, be unfit for不適合, be useful for對…有作用。
3.for+名詞構成的詞組
for all盡管,for a song非常便宜地,for certain確切地,for pany陪著,for ever永遠,for example例如,for fear以免,for fair肯定地,for free免費,for fun為了好玩,for good永遠,for instance比方,for luck祝福,for life終身,for long長久,for nothing白白地,for once有生第一次,for oneself替自己,for pleasure為了消遣,for reason因為…理由,for sale供出售,for shame真不害臊,for short簡稱,for sport好玩,for sure確切地。
4.動詞+副詞/名詞+for構成的短語
be in for將遇到,make up for彌補,go in for從事,look out for提防,take sth. for granted把…當作理所當然,have an ear for音感好,have a gift for有某方面的天賦。
介詞口訣:
介詞的用法
早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、點與分。
年、月、年月、季節、周,陽光、燈、影、衣、冒in。
將來時態in...以后,小處at大處in。
有形with無形by,語言、單位、材料in。
特征、方面與方式,心情成語慣用in。
介詞at和to表方向,攻擊、位置、惡、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、農場、值日on,關于、基礎、靠、著論。
著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,準。
特定時日和“一……就”,on后常接動名詞。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驢、馬、玩笑on,cab,carriage則用in。
at山腳、門口、在當前,速、溫、日落、價、核心。
、和、同隨with,具有、獨立、就、原因。
就……來說賓譯主,對、有、方狀、表細分。
海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數、人類know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣。
over、under正上下,above、below則不然,
若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關。‘
beyond超出、無、不能,against靠著,對與反。
besides,except分內外,among之內along沿。
同類比較except,加for異類記心間。
原狀because of,、 owing to、 due to表語形容詞
under后接修、建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一點, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成時,ago過去極有限。
since以來during間,since時態多變換。
與之相比beside,除了last but one。
復不定for、找、價、原,對、給、段、去、為、作、贊。
快到、對、向towards,工、學、軍、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虛擬,復合介詞待后言。
ing型由于鑒,除了除外與包合。
之后、關于、在......方面,有關介詞須記全。
in內to外表位置,山、水、國界to在前。
如大體掌握如上介調用法口訣,就不易出錯。
英語介詞是表示詞與詞、詞與句關系的詞。
介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞,詞與句之間的關系的詞。在句中不能單獨作句字成分。介詞后面一般有名詞代詞或相當于名詞的其他詞類,短語或從句作它的賓語。介詞和它的賓語構成介詞詞組,在句中作狀語,表語,補語或介詞賓語。
分類:
1、常禪春用簡單介詞:
about, across, against, among, after, at, behind, besides, beyond, by, concerning, beneath, between, despite, except, during, down, for, from, past, than,under,until等。
2、合成介詞:
inside,outside,onto,out of,within等。
3、短語介詞:
according to, ahead of,along with,as for, because of,be means of, due to, in spite of,on behalf of,owing to, with regard to 等。
重要介詞的重要用法:
(1)from:此介詞表示“to”相反的方向。
He came from London.
He went to London.
二詞賀森耐常搭配使用"from... to.."
We studied English from morning to afternoon.
He'll start from Beijing to Shanghai.
由from引導的慣用法:
from far 從遠處。
from now/ then on 從現在/那時起。
from bad to worse 每況愈下。
from time to time(occasionally 時而)。
(2)out of:表示與"into"相反的語意春謹。
He will be out of town.
I stepped out of the dark room.
out of+名詞(=lack,to be without用完,用光)。
He went to the shop because he was out of paper.
out of date(= old-fashioned 過時的)。
The book has been out of date.
英語介詞有:in、on、滲宴for、at、about、under,用法如下:
一、in的用法:
in用在一些動詞、名詞、形容詞后面,以引出附加信息。in 還與表示動作的動詞連用,如 walk,push等,還用在諸如 give in,dig in 等短語動詞中。
in作介詞在句中弱讀,作副詞在句中重讀。指能用in的表達方式有in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening和in the night。
二、on的用法:
日期前的on常被省略。表示“手腳上的斑點”時,應用介詞on;onthe river在不同意境下,意思不同。
三、for的用法:
for是并列連詞,引導的是并列從句,表示原因的語氣很弱,一般是對結果作出推斷性的補充說明或解釋,不表示直接原因,for前多加逗號。
四、at的用法:
用于地方時,at指較小的地方,如指城鎮時。
說到商店、機關、學校等,假使看作一個地點(point)用at。假使看作一個場所(place)用in,the barber's (理發店),Green's (Green所開的店)等前面只用at。
說到門牌用at,如liveat1184 Zhongshan Road,路名前面該用in,而說“叢譽銀在……路口”用at。
用于時間時,可表示時刻,如atnight,atthree o'clock,atany time等。也可表示較短的時期。
五、about的用法:
在指“不久就要……”時,后通常接不定式,如aboutto start。也有接動名詞,如aboutstarting。但是不可再加表示時間的詞,如不可說aboutstarting at once。
六、under的用法:
under表示靜止的空間位置時,意思是“在…的正下方”“在…的下面”; 也可指在某物的腳邊或底下,即“在…底下”“在…腳下”; 還可指在人身體某部位之下; 有時還可引申表示“在…遮蔽〔保護〕之下”。
擴展資料
介詞又稱作前置詞,表示它后面的名詞或代詞(或相當于名詞的其他詞類、短語或從句)與其他句子成分的關系。介詞通常位于名詞或代詞之前。
介詞是一種虛詞,不能單獨作句子成分,只能用在一個名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的結構之前,可以與后面的詞一起構成介詞短語。
介詞與不及物動詞搭配,不及物動詞不能夠直接跟賓語,且沒有被動語態。但是和介詞搭配后,不及物動詞不但可以跟賓語虛世,也有了被動語態。
常用介詞短語:
after all 畢竟,到底
day after day 日復一日
one after another 接二連三
page after page一頁又一頁地
介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關系的虛詞,在句中不能單獨作句子成分。介詞后面一般有名詞代詞或相當于名詞的其他詞類,短語或從句作它的賓語。介詞和它的賓語構成介詞詞組,在句中作狀語,表語,補語或介詞賓語。介詞可以分為時間介詞、地點介詞、方式介詞、原因介詞和其他介詞。
介詞(是prepositions,簡稱prep),又稱前置詞,是英語中最活躍的詞類之一,連接主語和表語。特別是一些常用介詞的搭配力特別強,可以用來表示各種不同的意思。英語里大部分習語都是由介詞和其他詞構成的。介詞在句中一般不重讀。在定語從句“介詞+who/which”的結構中,不能用that 代替who/which。
以下是常見的用法
早、午、晚要用in,at黎明、午夜、點與分。
年、月、年月、季節、周,陽光、燈、影、衣、帽in。
將來時態in...以后,小處at大處in。
有形with無形by,語言、單位、材料in。
特征、方面與方式,心情成語慣用in。
介詞at和to表方向,攻擊、位置、惡、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、農場、值日on,關于、基礎、靠、著論。
著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,準。
特定時日和"一……就",on后常接動名詞。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前on代in。
步行、驢、馬、玩笑on,cab,carriage則用in。
at山腳、門口、在當前,速、溫、日落、價、核心。
、和、同隨with,具有、獨立、就、原因。
就……來說賓譯主,肆讓源對、有、方狀、表細分。
海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數、人類know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣。
over、under正上下,above、below則不然,
若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關。'
beyond超出、無、不能,against靠著,對與反。
besides,except分內外,among之內along沿。
同類比較except,加for異類記心間。
原狀because of,、 owing to、 due to表語形容詞
under后接修、滑脊建中,of、from物、化分。
before、after表一點, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成時,ago過去極有限。
since以來during間,since時態多變換。
與之相比beside,除了last but one。
復不定for、找、價、原,對、給、段、去、為、作、贊。
快到、對、向towards,工、學、軍、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虛擬,復合介詞待后言。
ing型由于鑒,除了除外與包合。
之后、關于、在......方面,有裂態關介詞須記全。
in內to外表位置,山、水、國界to在前。